(Des)caminhos entre ciência, saúde e espiritualidade: inflexões e reflexões em tempos pandêmicos

Abstract

In Brazil, spirituality is a recurring theme in articles with a qualitative, humanistic focus, mainly related to consumptive diseases, about death and dying. With the unexpected and impactful advent of the Covid-19 pandemic, which changed the way of living in society and a crisis that should stood out the 21st Century; publications on spirituality / religiosity in health increased. OBJECTIVE: To analyze critically the national publications on the synergy of spirituality / religiosity with science and in the pandemic scenario. METHODS: Exploratory study, with critical theoretical reflection, with an exhaustive approach of the national scientific literature on the mediation of spirituality with science and health, in the pandemic context of Covid-19. To guide the bibliographic search; a methodological script was outlined on the theme and variables of the research, considering the descriptors: Spirituality; Science; Health, Covid-19 and Pandemics , according to the Health Sciences Descriptors (DECS). It started with the questioning about research carried out in the national territory with a related approach to spirituality, science and health in the Covid-19 pandemic context. The bibliographic search was carried out in the Virtual Health Library (VHL / Brazil) of the BIREME network, (in the SciELO and LILACS databases) in Google Scholar, in the Capes Dissertations & Theses Catalog and institutional Theses repository in Brazil. As an inclusion criterion, all publications had to refer to the Brazilian context and be made available in full, online. They were analyzed from the reading of the title and summary, to later be thoroughly evaluated in full for a complete appreciation of the selected material. For the extraction of information, data collection instrument was used, which we call a review, with variables related to the type of study, introduction and objective, methodological characteristics, results and conclusions, allowing the creation of synopses for presentation in the Results. All selected publications were available in full and free of charge; they are presented in Tables, Tables and in a narrative / synopsis form. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The final sample comprised 40 publications (30 articles, five editorials, four dossiers and one TCC), excluding books, due to not being available online in full and we did not find dissertations and theses on spirituality in the pandemic context. Most articles addressed spirituality as a way of coping with health issues and fear of death, while editorials and dossiers mainly covered narratives of political and ideological aspects related to this situation in Brazil. In the discussion, considerations about studies that deserve a wider scope of investigations in the scope of spirituality in health care were also highlighted. CONCLUSION: It was possible to conclude that the studies have emphasized the approach of spirituality in the mediation of science and health in the face of the current pandemic. It is still necessary to continue with more extensive field research, with methodological bases of greater scientific rigor, in this period that has not yet ended. As a contribution, this study intends to provide students, researchers and health professionals with this record, so as to stimulate new studies on the subject of spirituality in health care, encouraging the incorporation of the practical applications of spirituality in the daily life of health professionals.