Alterações eletroencefalográficas associadas aos transtornos psiquiátricos na epilepsia de lobo temporal com esclerose mesial: revisão sistemática

Abstract

Psychiatric disorders (PD) are commonly found in association with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). Although there are scientific evidences suggesting a common physiopathology between MTLE and PD; few studies have stood out the relationship between psychiatric comorbidities and electroencephalographic findings in these patients. Objective: 1. The objective of the present study was to carry out a systematic review of the literature on interichtal electroencephalographic changes in the MTLE and their possible association with the PD, attempting to understand the meaning of these findings as a possible biomarker of the presence and type of these comorbidities. Material and Methods: The research was carried out through electronic databases, according to PRISMA protocol, by consulting MEDLINE, CENTRAL, LILACS and CAPES Portal in March 2020, in addition to being in touch with experts on the subject of review and manual search of relevant articles from the bibliographic sources of the studies included in this review. We have included only studies on human beings of clinical trial types, control case and case series published focusing on the electroencephalographic characteristics of patients with MTLE and PD. Results: A total of 658 articles were found in the researched databases, and two articles were suggested by specialists on the subject, out of which six presented inclusion criteria. Conclusion: The studies found were not in agreement with the clinical significance of the electroencephalographic findings in MTLE and PD. Among the electroencephalographic aspects, the epileptiform discharges were highlighted in lateralization and frequency, as well as focal slowness, rhythmic and periodic activities with controversial results. It was not possible to determine the real role of EEG as a possible PD biomarker in MTLE. Further clinical studies with greater methodological accuracy are necessary for a better understanding of this issue.