Pesquisa da ancestralidade genômica em população da amazônia ocidental brasileira

Abstract

The Brazilian population is mainly composed of three parental populations: Native Americans, Europeans and Africans. Significant levels of tri-hybrid admixture have been detected in all regions and socioeconomic levels within the country. Recent statistical methods allied to the ability to genotype a large number of markers permit the estimate of the admixture at the individual level. In epidemiological studies with case-control design, ethnic heterogeneity between subgroups can produce false positive results. Therefore, for this type of study, it is important to evaluate individual admixture, as well as to measureits influence on the genetic structure of diverse subgroups within the Brazilian populations. Ancestry Informative Markers (AIMs), which frequencies show large differences between parental populations are suitable for tracking the effect of mixing, in order to avoid spurious associations in case control studies. This knowledge could help to further define the levels of population structure in groups and subgroups that constitute the subject of epidemiological studies, optimizing their designto avoid false positive results. Among these groups are particularly relevant studies addressing genetic factors that modulate susceptibility to malaria in regions where the population is exposed to endemic levels, for example, those residing in the municipality of Porto Velho (RO), Brazilian amazon region and surroundings. Objectives: a) to describe the Amerindian, European and African individual genomic ancestry in healthy individuals and patients with falciparum malaria in Porto Velho, RO (Western Amazonia) and assess its impact on the design of epidemiological studies and b) to determine, from the genotyped markers, the genetic structure of populations of falciparum malaria patients and healthy individuals from the same region, depending on the admixture levels .