Sífilis gestacional e congênita em municípios de um grupo de vigilância epidemiológica do Estado de São Paulo

Abstract

Objectives: To identify and ana lyze cases of gestational and congenital syphilis and to analyze the main associations between the socioeconomic, demographic, clinical, epidemiological and l aboratory variables of the municipalities belonging to the Epidemiological Surveillance Group 29. Method: Quantitative study, transversal type from the bank data from the Diseases Information and Notification System, of the Epidemiological Surveillance Gro up 29 of São José do Rio Preto SP from January 2007 to July 2018. The data were analyzed using con tingency tables using frequency analysis and association tests. A significance level of 5% was considered. The variables were crossed to analyze the distribut ion of cases. The analyzes were performed using the SPSS program. Results: 594 cases of congenital syphilis with a predominance in São José do Rio Preto (93.5%) were reported, the highest number of cases in 2014 with reagent treponemal test (90.6%). There is statistical significance between the treponemic test and notifying municipality (p≤0.00), year of notification and non treponemic test (2009, p≤0.05 and 2012, p≤0.00), year of notification and test treponemic (2007, 2012, 2014, p≤0.00; 2017, p≤0.02; 201 0 p≤0.04), non treponemic test and housing area (p≤0.00). Predominance of female children with non treponemic reagent test (93.1%), white race (92.9%) with recommended treatment (92.6%). As for th e mother, the highest incidence in white race (94.1%), witho ut paid activity (92.9%), treponemal and non treponemal tests related to the mother's schooling fr om 5 to 8 years of education (p = 0.00) and 9 years or more of education (p = 0.00), with prenatal care, positive non treponemic test (93.2%) and positive tre ponemic test (77.6%) and inadequate treatment (92.8%). Non treponemic (p = 0.00) and treponemic (p = 0.00) test with diagnosis of maternal syphilis after delivery and non treponemic test (p = 0.00) and diagnosis of maternal syphilis during prenatal care an d testing treponemic (p = 0.03). Their partners were not treated concurrently with a treponemic te st (p = ≤0.00) and partner's title (p = 0.04). Non treponemic exam equal to or greater than 1: 8 (93.9%). Conclusion: Predominance of congenital syphilis in w hite children, with recommended treatment regimen, living in an urban area. White self titled moth ers, low education, without paid activity, diagnosed in prenatal and childbirth, reaponemic and non treponemic test reagent, with inadequate treatment, sexual partners with non treponemic and treponemic test reagents. The use of the rapid treponemal test p roved to be effective in detecting and diagnosing syphilis in the prenatal period and at delivery. Knowing the profile of the population with syphilis in preg nant and congenital women poses an even greater challenge to primary care due to the change in the profile of those infected, the need for effective treatment in their sexual partners. Data found show that this condition is closely linked to unemployment, poverty, lack of education, failures in prenatal care, inadequate treatment, unprotected sex. Data found are similar to other national and international studies and reiterate that their control and eradication represent a major challenge for health teams.