Caracterização do perfil sociodemográfico comportamental e rastreamento de sintomas de transtornos mentais em motociclistas acidentados

Abstract

Ground transportation accidents are a serious public health issue. In addition to high mortality rates, several morbidities and high costs for the Health System are observed as a consequence. Every year, 1.25 million people die and 20 to 50 million people suffer road traffic injuries (RTI). Some groups are especially vulnerable, such as pedestrians and motorcyclists, the latter being the main victims of (RTI). Objectives: To characterize the sociodemographic profile of motorcyclists victims of traffic accidents attended at Hospital de Base of São José do Rio Preto, SP. To identify the behavioral profile; moreover, in regard to disoriented behaviors as well as screening symptoms of mental disorders. Material and Method: Prospective study of patients involved in a motorcycle accident (drivers) attended by the Trauma Service of Hospital de Base, between 2016 and 2017 (convenience sample). Patients, who met the inclusion criteria during the study period, were invited to participate in the study. They participated in an interview and answered the instruments while they were hospitalized. After 30 days of the accident, they were asked to attend a new evaluation with the psychologist. Results: Most of the participants were male, young, and single, less than three minimum wages as income and level of schooling up to elementary school. The evaluation pointed out that 60% of the sample reported making use of alcohol; out of these 45% have been ingesting alcohol three times a week or more. Of those who drank, 54% reported associating drinking with driving, 30% of the participants had already had a previous accident. Regarding the hospitalizations, 35% remained for up to two days and 65% remained hospitalized for three days or more. Out of the participants, 32.5% needed intensive care and remained in the Intensive Care Unit. The mean time of hospitalization was 3.57 days, ranging from 01 to 17 days. There was a predominance of lesions in extremities (57%) and abdominal region (35%). A total of 70% of the sample referred to "sew" between vehicles; 60% reported driving motorcycle in the "aisle" among cars; 27.5% of the interviewees reported driving a motorcycle after drinking alcohol; 27.5% of the sample exceeded the speed limit in residential road, and 30% reported to exceed the speed in early hours of the day or late at night; 25% made traffic errors and 12.5% drove very close to the front-end vehicle. Indications of depressive, anxious, antisocial personality and attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms were observed, as well as, difficulties on impulse control. Conclusion: Sociodemographic characteristics are according to the literature. The association between alcohol and driving, injured limbs and risk behaviors on motorcycle driving were also similar to the literature. Data of hospitalization and previous accidents were highlighted, however, in a lower intensity when compared to the literature.