Evidência de associação entre grupo sanguíneo O e rinite alérgica

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis is a disease characterized by inflammatory reactions of the upper airway tract which prevalence increased in the last decades. There are strong evidences that this disease is influenced by environmental and genetic factors. The aim of this study was to verify if ABO phenotypes are associated with allergic rhinitis (AR). 168 patients with AR and 168 controls from the same geographical region and paired by gender, and age were enrolled. ABO phenotypes were identified in the red blood cells using the hemagglutination technique. The Fisher exact and the chi-squared tests were employed to compare proportions (P < 0.05). The values of Odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI) at 95% were also calculated. The overall differences in the frequencies of the ABO phenotypes from patients and controls were marginal (χ2: 7.569; DF: 3; P = 0.055), but the O blood group was associated with AR (χ2: 5.764; DF: 1; P: 0.016; OR: 1.735; CI 95%: 1.127-2.673). The differences on the frequencies of the O phenotype from patients and controls were statistically different for male (χ2: 8.520; DF: 1; P = 0.003) but not for female (χ2: 0.6375; DF: 1; P = 0.4246). Respectively, the A and O phenotypes were associated with protection (OR: 0.4385; CI 95%: 0.2043-0.9415; P = 0.049) and susceptibility (OR = 2.789; CI 95%: 1.385-5.616; P = 0.005) to AR only for men. The O blood group phenotype is associated with AR in male but not in female patients.