TEDE Coleção: Programa de Pós-Graduação em EnfermagemPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagemhttp://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/3102024-01-10T08:37:14Z2024-01-10T08:37:14ZImpacto da pandemia da covid-19 na saúde física e mental dos idososGrau, Cinthya Martins dos Santoshttp://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/8032023-05-25T14:36:58Z2023-02-09T00:00:00ZTítulo: Impacto da pandemia da covid-19 na saúde física e mental dos idosos
Autor: Grau, Cinthya Martins dos Santos
Primeiro orientador: Ribeiro, Rita de Cássia Helu Mendonça
Abstract: To evaluate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the physical and mental
health of the elderly. METHODOLOGY: Cross-sectional study with descriptive design,
quantitative approach, analytical type with correlation between variables. The research was
carried out with 72 elderlies over 60 years of age; users of the Unified Health System (SUS),
in a city in the interior of São Paulo state. The sample was a non-probabilistic convenience
sample. A sociodemographic health questionnaire was used; Geriatric Anxiety Inventory
(GAI) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). The patients' blood pressure and blood
glucose levels were measured at the time of the interview and compared to the average values
of the last year (chart records). RESULTS: It was found that most of the interviewees was
male 52.78% (38/72), aged between 60 and 70 years 56.94% (41/72), white 81.94% (59/72),
married 59.72% (43/72), living with a partner 33.33% (24/72), incomplete elementary school
education 52.78% (38/72), retired 81.94% (59/72), with family income of one to three
minimum wages 75% (54/72), attended some religion 80.56% (58/72) and used some digital
social network 66.67% (48/72). About chronic diseases: hypertension 69.44% (50/72);
diabetes 23.61% (17/72) and had some other health problem 51.39% (37/72). The elderlies
interviewed had anxiety 51.39% (37/72), being mild 26.39% (19/72) and severe 25% (18/72).
Higher incidence of anxiety was observed in men 67,57% (25/37) with p=0.013. Most
elderlies did not have COVID-19 73.61% (53/72) and there was little significance in the
analysis of the incidence of anxiety between elderly who had the disease and those who did
not. Depression was observed in the study population less significantly; most did not have
depression 70.83% (51/72). When comparing those who had depression due to family income,
about 76,92% (10/13)of the cases presented mild depression with income between one and
three minimum wages. Patients who used Social Networks presented significantly less
depression than those who did not use them p=0.015. COVID-19 has affected the memory of
the elderly, being the elderly who had contracted COVID-19; 73.68% (14/19) realized that
they were more forgetful in recent months p=0.000. In the comparison of those who practiced
physical activity, there was a decrease during the COVID-19 pandemic from 36.1% (26/72) to
13.89% (10/72). Regarding Blood Pressure; the mean values recorded over the last year, a
considerable and widespread increase was observed in this population, with the pressure of
SBP > 140 and DBP ≥ 90 from 12.50% (9/72) in the last year to 45.83% (33/72) at the
interview with p=0.000.CONCLUSION: With an uncertain scenario of the pandemic of
COVID-19, this study showed that anxiety has presented more expressively than depression.
The elderlies noticed that they had been more forgetful after COVID-19. Regarding physical
health, there was a significant decrease in physical activity during the pandemic and an
increase in blood pressure values as compared to the last year. The digital inclusion of the
elderly was very important during the pandemic, because the elderlies who used social
networks were less depressed. The contributions of this research are significant for clinical
practice, since the use of social networks can be effective for nurses in the health care of the
elderly.
Instituição: Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2023-02-09T00:00:00ZSaúde mental e autoeficácia percebida de estudantes do ensino superior durante a crise da covid-19Alves, Danilo de Mirandahttp://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/8022023-05-25T13:58:15Z2022-11-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Saúde mental e autoeficácia percebida de estudantes do ensino superior durante a crise da covid-19
Autor: Alves, Danilo de Miranda
Primeiro orientador: Pompeo, Daniele Alcalá
Abstract: To assess health university students' general self-efficacy beliefs during coping with Covid-19 and to analyze whether this construct is influenced by sociodemographic characteristics, psychological well-being, and anxious and depressive symptoms.
Methods: Correlational study, developed with undergraduate students of Nursing, Medicine and Psychology from a public Higher Education Institution (HEI) in a city in the interior of São Paulo state. The sample comprised 329 participants, who responded to the following instruments: Sociodemographic Characterization, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, General and Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Data collection was carried out in the second half of 2022, remotely, through Google Forms. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the self-efficacy and GHQ-12 scores with the sample characterization variables of up to two levels and the Kruskal-Wallis test for the sample characterization variables with more than two levels with a subsequent test of Dunn's multiple comparison when P<0.05. To verify the association between anxiety and depression symptoms and the sample characterization variables, the Chi-Square test was used. The correlation between self-efficacy scores and GHQ-12 were verified using Spearman's correlative test. The significance level adopted for the tests was 0.05 or 5%. Results: Participants have showed moderate levels of general and perceived self-efficacy (34.32± 7.49), which were associated with gender (p=0.001), housing (p=0.033), course (p<0.001), year of graduation (p<0.006), accomplishment with the course (p=0.001), overload of activities (p<0.001), stress (p<0.001), physical exercise (p<0.001), leisure (p<0.001), self-harm (p<0.025), suicidal ideation (p<0.003) and pandemic (p<0.001). Higher scores of self-efficacy beliefs were correlated with high levels of psychological well-being (p<0.001; r= -.582) and absence of anxious (p<0.001) and depressive symptoms (p<0.001). Most of the participants said that the pandemic harmed their mental health (85.71%), 56.84% had symptoms of anxiety and 31% of depression. In addition, 16.72% of academics reported suicidal thoughts. Conclusion: Health students' general self-efficacy beliefs were at moderate levels and were influenced by psychological well-being and symptoms of anxiety and depression. According to the students' perception, the Covid-19 pandemic had a negative impact on their mental health. These findings have demonstrated the university educational experience as a space for universal psychoeducational interventions aimed at promoting personal resources. Strengthening self-efficacy beliefs in universities can be useful to improve student´s health behaviors as well as to prevent mental disorders.
Instituição: Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2022-11-01T00:00:00ZComplexidade na educação: a pedagogia Maria Peregrina como direcionamento para acesso ao ensino superiorToledo, Vitor Mendonça dehttp://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/8012023-05-25T13:48:16Z2023-03-10T00:00:00ZTítulo: Complexidade na educação: a pedagogia Maria Peregrina como direcionamento para acesso ao ensino superior
Autor: Toledo, Vitor Mendonça de
Primeiro orientador: Gregorio, Michele de Lima
Abstract: To verify if there was an influence of the Pedagogy of Maria Peregrina School in the course choices for enrollment in Higher Education by former students of the institution, manifesting the students' inclination to certain specific intelligences, as well as, to identify the possible initially unforeseen paths that emerged during the accomplishment of the projects and their consequences in the students' school path until they entered college. Methods: Qualitative association study based on the descriptive analysis of data obtained from questionnaires consisting of fourteen direct questions that were sent to the study subjects via e-mail. The research was developed at Escola Maria Peregrina, a non-governmental organization in São José do Rio Preto, SP. The institution has been developing its work from the uniqueness of each student; for this reason, the classes comprises few students. The total number of students who completed high school at the institution was ten. The criteria established to select the students who participated in this research were: to have been regularly enrolled at Escola Maria Peregrina since the beginning of the Final Years of Elementary School, to have fully attended and completed High School at Escola Maria Peregrina, to have entered Higher Education and agree to participate in the study by signing the consent form. The number of students included in the survey was four. Data were examined from the assumptions of the Theory of Multiple Intelligences and Complexity. Results: A significant influence of Project Pedagogy on students' self-knowledge about the themes and areas of their predilection for studies and research was verified. In addition, by making use of the Theory of Multiple Intelligences, they were able to identify their potentialities and more developed intelligences, which guided them in choosing a course to enter Higher Education. The integration of Research Projects to the Theory of Multiple Intelligences, from the perspective of Complexity, contradicts the mechanistic perspectives of cause and effect linked to social, psychological or biophysical determinism, suggesting a paradigm shift to pedagogical science, because, in a system complex, a small change can have significant consequences. The Pedagogy of Maria Peregrina School differs from the educational models of Basic Education that transpose the fragmentation of modern science to its constituent model, as it promotes the integration of disciplines and avoids the fragmentation of the school environment in grades, age groups and classrooms, elements that characterize traditional education. Conclusions: The Pedagogy of Maria Peregrina school allowed students to scientifically rely on their vocational tendencies to choose according to what they would study. Therefore, it can be said that it can improve the existential development of students/individuals. Also to the solution of community and social problems, as it helps to solve a common issue that accounts the majority of Brazilian students These students from an early age are pressured to discern their educational and professional future, but do not have the necessary self-knowledge to choose this appropriately and do not find courses in higher education that scan uit their preferences.
Instituição: Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2023-03-10T00:00:00ZTransição do cuidado na transferência intra-hospitalar como estratégia de comunicação efetiva entre enfermeirosMelara, Samantha Vaccari Grassihttp://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/8002023-05-23T16:47:27Z2022-06-13T00:00:00ZTítulo: Transição do cuidado na transferência intra-hospitalar como estratégia de comunicação efetiva entre enfermeiros
Autor: Melara, Samantha Vaccari Grassi
Primeiro orientador: Beccaria, Lúcia Marinilza
Abstract: To identify adherence to the in-hospital care transition instrument and investigate nurses’ understanding of its use as an effective communication strategy among the nursing team. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional research, quantitative approach, descriptive design, with correlation between variables; carried out in a special school hospital in the Northeastern region of São Paulo, with 120 nurses, 58 of whom worked in intensive care units, and 62 in inpatient units of adult clinical-surgical specialties of the Unified Health System and Supplementary Health. In the first stage, adherence to the fulfillment of the instrument by intensive care nurses was identified, after medical discharge of patients and preparation for their transfer to other in-hospital units, in the period from June to December 2019, being verified if the document was in the electronic medical record, and if they were filled out up to six hours before transport, through the report issued by the integrated technology core, totaling a sample of 2588 transfers. In the second stage, a questionnaire was applied to the nurses of the inpatient units, who had admitted the patients and had received the care transition instrument filled. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Regarding the inferential part, hypothesis tests were performed, using Spearman's Correlation and Mann-Whitney's U method, in which the behavior of the correlations between variables was analyzed, as well as the degree of explanation of the dependent variables in relation to the independent variables. Results: Out of the 2588 patients transferred, it was identified 82.65% of care transition instruments correctly filled in the electronic medical record by nurses of intensive care units. Regarding the perception about the instrument; 90.32% stated that they have the habit of reading the document upon admission; 85.48% were able to identify the care needs of the patient being admitted; 95.16% considered the information important for continuing care; 80.65% considered that the instrument was effective to perform the transition of shift; 87.10% reported that the information can provide more safety to the patient; 77.42% preferred to receive the printed instrument in hand at the time of patient´s admission; 79.03% were satisfied with the use of the instrument, and newly admitted nurses (less than a year working in the institution) would like to receive more information about the use of the care transition . Conclusion: Adherence to the care transition instrument was below that was expected by the Nursing service, however, they had been filled out correctly. According to the nurses ´ understanding, the instrument was considered a strategy that favors effective communication during intra-hospital transfer, providing the transmission of information and important aspects about the care as well as essential for the nurse's planning, continuity of care, and the patient´s safety.
Instituição: Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto
Tipo do documento: Dissertação2022-06-13T00:00:00Z